Demand and development history of smart water construction

Intelligent water is an information system formed through Internet of Things, water information, spatial geographic information and other technologies, which can realize real-time perception of water status, improve water management level, reasonably allocate water resources utilization, waterlogging risk identification and early warning and other functions. It is mainly composed of water supply system, drainage system, water environment system, flood control drainage system, etc.

The world is in the era of rapid information, and the extensive application of artificial intelligence has promoted profound changes in economic and social development. In recent years, China's applications in artificial intelligence, informatization, big data and other fields are in a position to have certain technological advantages. In the context of climate change and rapid urbanization, urban water problems are increasingly prominent. With the development of artificial intelligence and 5G, and with the promotion and application of new information technologies such as cloud computing and big data, the intelligent level of water management has gradually improved. From basic data monitoring and processing, water business management to water decision support, the application of intelligent technology is deepening. The state has also gradually strengthened the requirements for intelligent water construction in the guidance of policy planning.

With the transformation of water project strategy from large-scale construction to long-term operation, the management of water facilities and systems is facing greater challenges and opportunities, and the weak links of informatization in the field of water affairs need to be remedied urgently. At the same time, with the implementation of water control strategies such as river leader system, improvement of water control quality and sponge city construction, the refinement of water management and the continuous improvement of business coordination level have put forward higher requirements for the intelligence of urban water management.

Intelligent water conservancy uses a new generation of information technology to collect, transmit, store and process water information resources, which can improve the efficiency and efficiency of water management as a whole, and achieve more complete perception, more active service, more scientific decision-making, more automatic control and more timely response in the process of water business management.

Since the construction of water conservancy informatization, China's intelligent water conservancy and urban intelligent water have experienced three stages of development: monitoring informatization, online management and intelligent system. At present, intelligent water has achieved comprehensive application, and the water field has entered the typical intelligent stage, and is developing towards the overall intelligent stage.

The main key technologies involved in the construction of urban intelligent water services mainly include the following three categories:

Intelligent perception and water big data technology: First, the whole process intelligent perception system with the cooperation of heaven, earth and people, including satellite/UAV remote sensing monitoring technology, remote sensor monitoring technology and hand-held manual monitoring instruments. After obtaining a large amount of data monitoring, it is necessary to clean, integrate, analyze and display the formed water big data, mainly involving big data cleaning, storage, integration and analysis.

Numerical simulation and prediction and early warning technology: the key to realize intelligent management of water business is to realize "four predictions", such as "prediction, early warning, prediction and plan". Among them, the important basis of prediction, early warning and prediction is the numerical simulation of urban flood process, urban water pollution process and other key processes, involving hydrological and hydrodynamic simulation technology, water environment simulation technology, etc., integrating simulation, monitoring and big data analysis, and carrying out flood control, water pollution and other prediction and early warning.

Information management and intelligent control technology: informatization is an important prerequisite for intelligence. The main technologies to realize information management include storage technology, business knowledge base construction technology and image, voice, natural language intelligent processing; Intelligent control mainly involves project remote scheduling, intelligent dispatching rule construction and intelligent decision support.