The intelligent water affairs monitoring system realizes real-time monitoring and early warning mainly through the following key steps and technical means:
1、 Build a perfect monitoring network
Selection of monitoring points: first of all, it is necessary to comprehensively consider the key nodes such as water source, water supply pipe network, and large water users, and select appropriate monitoring points to ensure that the status of water resources and water environment can be accurately reflected.
Sensor and equipment deployment: a variety of sensors and equipment are arranged at monitoring points, such as water quality sensors, flow meters, pressure gauges, etc., to collect key data such as water quantity, water quality, water pressure, etc. in real time. These sensors and equipment shall have high accuracy, high stability and real-time performance to ensure the accuracy and reliability of data.
Data transmission and storage: establish a stable and safe data transmission and storage system to ensure that the monitoring data can be timely and accurately transmitted to the monitoring platform for long-term storage. At the same time, the system shall have data backup and recovery functions to prevent data loss or damage.
2、 Real time data acquisition and transmission
Data collection: collect key data such as water quantity, water quality and water pressure in real time through sensors and monitoring equipment, and transmit the data to the monitoring platform. The data acquisition process should be automated and intelligent to reduce manual intervention and error.
Data transmission: data is transmitted to the monitoring platform in wired or wireless mode. Wireless transmission methods such as 4G, 5G, NB IoT, etc. are flexible and convenient, and are suitable for data transmission in long-distance and complex environments.
3、 Data analysis and early warning
Data preprocessing: clean, verify and sort the collected original data to ensure the accuracy and consistency of the data. At the same time, standardize the data for subsequent analysis and processing.
Data analysis: use big data analysis technology to conduct in-depth mining and processing of monitoring data. Through the analysis of historical data, the change rule of water resources and water environment is found out to provide basis for early warning. At the same time, the comparison between real-time data and historical data is used to find abnormalities in a timely manner and trigger an early warning mechanism.

Early warning models and algorithms: establish scientific early warning models and algorithms, select appropriate early warning indicators, determine early warning thresholds, establish early warning logic, etc. The early warning algorithm should have self-learning and adaptive capabilities, and be able to dynamically adjust according to the actual situation to improve the sensitivity and specificity of early warning.
4、 Release and processing of early warning information
Release of early warning information: once the early warning mechanism is triggered, the intelligent water affairs monitoring system should be able to generate early warning information immediately and deliver it to relevant departments and personnel in a timely and accurate manner through multiple channels (such as platform pop-up, APP messages, WeChat public accounts, e-mail, etc.).
Early warning information processing: relevant departments and personnel shall immediately confirm and process the early warning information after receiving it. The system shall support automatic or manual confirmation of early warning information, and take corresponding countermeasures according to the level of early warning. At the same time, the system should record the process and results of early warning information for subsequent analysis and summary.
5、 System maintenance and optimization
Equipment maintenance: calibrate and maintain sensors and equipment regularly to ensure the accuracy of data. At the same time, the data transmission and storage systems are checked to ensure the security of the data.
Model optimization: according to the actual operation, the early warning model and algorithm are continuously optimized and updated to improve the effectiveness and accuracy of early warning.
To sum up, the smart water affairs monitoring system has realized real-time monitoring and early warning of water resources and water environment by building a perfect monitoring network, realizing real-time data collection and transmission, conducting data analysis and early warning, timely releasing and processing early warning information, and carrying out system maintenance and optimization. This not only improves the efficiency and accuracy of water management, but also effectively ensures the safety of water supply and the sustainable use of water resources.